Endometriosis is a chronic medical condition where tissue similar to the lining of the uterus (endometrium) grows outside the uterus, most commonly on the ovaries, fallopian tubes, pelvic lining, or bowel. It can cause significant pain and sometimes fertility issues, but symptoms and severity vary a lot from person to person.
Common symptoms
- Painful periods (often severe, not “normal cramps”)
- Chronic pelvic pain
- Pain during or after sex
- Heavy or irregular periods
- Pain with bowel movements or urination (especially during periods)
- Bloating, nausea, or digestive issues (“endo belly”)
- Fatigue
- Difficulty getting pregnant (for some)
What causes it?
The exact cause isn’t fully understood. Leading theories include:
- Retrograde menstruation
- Immune system dysfunction
- Genetic factors
- Hormonal influences (estrogen-driven)
How it’s diagnosed
- Symptoms + pelvic exam + imaging (ultrasound, MRI)
- Definitive diagnosis is via laparoscopy (minor surgery)
Treatment options (individualized)
There’s no single cure, but symptoms can be managed:
Pain management
- NSAIDs (ibuprofen, naproxen)
- Heat therapy
- Pelvic floor physical therapy
Hormonal treatments
- Birth control pills
- Progestins
- Hormonal IUD
- GnRH agonists/antagonists (for severe cases)
Surgical options
- Laparoscopic removal of endometriosis lesions
- Reserved for severe pain or fertility concerns
Lifestyle support (can help, not replace treatment)
- Anti-inflammatory diet (fruits, vegetables, omega-3s)
- Regular gentle exercise (yoga, walking)
- Stress management
- Adequate sleep
When to see a doctor urgently
- Pain that interferes with daily life
- Symptoms worsening over time
- Fertility concerns
- Pain not responding to standard treatments
If you want, I can help with:
- How to talk to a doctor and advocate for proper care
- Managing endometriosis pain day-to-day
- Fertility-related questions
- Or diet & lifestyle tips that many people with endo find helpful
Just tell me what you need — you don’t have to handle this alone 🤍
