An orthopedic surgeon is a medical doctor who specializes in the diagnosis, treatment, and surgery of the musculoskeletal system, which includes bones, joints, ligaments, tendons, muscles, and nerves.
What They Do
Orthopedic surgeons manage conditions that affect movement and structural support in the body. Their work includes:
1. Surgical Procedures
- Joint replacement (hip, knee, shoulder)
- Repair of fractures and broken bones
- Spine surgery
- Arthroscopy (minimally invasive joint surgery)
- Ligament and tendon repair (e.g., ACL reconstruction)
2. Non-Surgical Treatments
- Casting or splinting fractures
- Physical therapy and rehabilitation plans
- Medications for bone and joint conditions
- Lifestyle and exercise recommendations
3. Common Conditions Treated
- Arthritis and joint degeneration
- Sports injuries (sprains, tears, dislocations)
- Fractures and trauma
- Spine disorders (herniated discs, scoliosis)
- Bone tumors
- Congenital musculoskeletal issues
Training Required
- Medical school (4 years)
- Residency in orthopedic surgery (5–6 years)
- Optional fellowship for sub-specialties like:
- Sports medicine
- Spine surgery
- Pediatric orthopedics
- Hand or foot surgery
When to See an Orthopedic Surgeon
- Persistent joint or bone pain
- Limited mobility or stiffness
- Severe fractures or injuries
- Chronic musculoskeletal conditions that don’t respond to conservative treatments
If you want, I can make a list of common orthopedic procedures and what to expect from each, which is useful if you or someone you know is considering treatment.
